Missed EMI late fee calculator
Free, no sign-up · Facts checked 19 Oct 2026
What a missed EMI or card bill costs, your overdue stage, today vs later.
Work it out
Extra you pay
₹836
15 days late · SMA-0
An EMI of ₹15,000 paid 15 days late costs about ₹836 extra, so you need ₹15,836 to clear it today. The loan is at the SMA-0 stage.
- Total to pay today
- ₹15,836
- Penal charges
- ₹150
- Interest for the delay
- ₹69
- Bounce charges
- ₹500
Paying today costs ₹836; waiting 30 more days would cost ₹1,327 and move you to SMA-1.
What the delay costs, day by day
The extra on the missed EMIs for each day they stay unpaid. The stage moves to SMA-1 on day 31, SMA-2 on day 61 and NPA after day 90.
What it is made of
Point at a part to see it on its own.
From your numbers
Worked out from what you entered. Try one.
- Waiting 7 more days adds ₹115 and moves you closer to the next stage.
- If this is your first delay, ask the lender to waive the penal charge. Many do for a good payment record.
- These are typical charges. Your bank’s own rates are in your Key Facts Statement; turn on Bank’s charges to use them.
Overdue stages
How lenders classify an overdue loan under RBI rules.
- SMA-1on day 31
- SMA-2on day 61
- NPAon day 91
Pay today or later
What the delay costs if you pay today, or wait longer.
Penal charges and interest grow with every day the EMI stays unpaid.
Each missed EMI
Always open. Point at a row to find it on the chart.
| Missed EMI | Amount | Days overdue | Interest | Charges |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMI 1 | ₹15,000 | 15 | ₹69 | ₹767 |
Full breakdown
- Total to pay today
- ₹15,836
- Penal charges
- ₹150
- Interest for the delay
- ₹69
- Bounce charges
- ₹500
- GST
- ₹117
- Overdue stage
- SMA-0
Guide
What a missed EMI really costs
When an EMI is not paid on its due date, three things start at once. Normal interest keeps running on the overdue EMI at your loan's own rate. The lender adds a penal charge, usually a percentage of the overdue amount for each month it stays unpaid. If the auto-debit or cheque failed, a bounce charge is added for each failed EMI. In India, 18% GST is added to the penal and bounce charges.
What RBI says about penal charges
Under RBI's circular on penal charges in loan accounts (RBI/2023-24/53, 18 August 2023), lenders may levy penal charges, not penal interest: the charge cannot be added to your interest rate, and no interest may be charged on it. It must be reasonable, the same for similar borrowers, and shown in your loan agreement and Key Facts Statement. The rules apply to loans taken from 1 April 2024; older loans moved to them by 30 June 2024 at the latest.
The overdue stages: SMA-0, SMA-1, SMA-2 and NPA
Lenders classify an overdue loan by how long the oldest unpaid amount has been due:
| Days overdue | Stage | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| 1–30 | SMA-0 | An early warning; still fixable with one payment |
| 31–60 | SMA-1 | A serious delay on your credit record |
| 61–90 | SMA-2 | Close to default; the lender will follow up firmly |
| Over 90 | NPA | A non-performing asset: recovery action can begin |
Lenders report these delays to credit bureaus such as CIBIL, and they can pull your credit score down for a long time.
Selvi's late salary
Selvi works at a garment unit in Tiruvannamalai. Her salary came late one month, so her ₹15,000 personal loan EMI bounced. Her lender charges 2% a month penal, a ₹500 bounce charge and 11% interest. Paid 15 days late, the delay cost her about ₹836, including GST. Had she waited another 30 days, the extra would have grown to about ₹1,330 and the loan would have moved to SMA-1. She paid the same week and asked the bank to waive the penal charge, which it did for a first delay.
Credit card bills
A card bill works differently. Under RBI's Master Direction on credit and debit cards (2022), a card issuer may charge a late fee only when the bill is more than 3 days past due, and only on the amount still unpaid. Card interest is much higher than a loan's, often about 3.6–3.75% a month, and usually runs from the day you spent, not from the due date. Paying the minimum due avoids the late fee but not the interest; paying the full bill stops both.
How to use this tool
- Pick A loan EMI or A card bill.
- Type the amount and the days late (and, for loans, how many EMIs you missed). The tool starts with typical charges.
- To use your own lender's charges, turn on Bank's charges and type the rates from your loan agreement or Key Facts Statement.
- Read the extra cost, the total to clear today and, for loans, the overdue stage on the scale.
- Use the Pay today or later bars and the chart to see how fast the cost grows.
What to do now
- Pay the overdue amount first, even before the next EMI date.
- Call or write to the lender if money is tight; ask about a short extension or restructuring before the loan reaches SMA-2.
- Ask for a waiver of the penal charge if this is your first delay.
- Keep proof of the payment and check your credit report a month later.
Charges and rules differ by lender; check your loan agreement and the lender's current terms. This is a guide, not advice.
Sources
Facts checked 19 Oct 2026RBIFair Lending Practice – Penal Charges in Loan Accounts (RBI/2023-24/53) · Reserve Bank of India2023
Lenders levy penal charges, not penal interest added to the rate, and no further interest may be charged on them. 18 Aug 2023
RBIPenal Charges in Loan Accounts: Extension of Timeline (RBI/2023-24/102) · Reserve Bank of India2023
The rules apply to fresh loans from 1 April 2024 and to existing loans by 30 June 2024 at the latest. 29 Dec 2023
RBIPrudential Framework for Resolution of Stressed Assets · Reserve Bank of India2019
The overdue stages: SMA-0 for 1–30 days, SMA-1 for 31–60 days and SMA-2 for 61–90 days. 7 Jun 2019
RBIMaster Direction – Credit Card and Debit Card – Issuance and Conduct Directions, 2022 · Reserve Bank of India2022
A card late fee only when the bill is more than 3 days past due, and only on the amount still unpaid after the due date. 21 Apr 2022, updated 7 Mar 2024
Questions
What happens if I miss one EMI?
The lender adds a penal charge and, if the auto-debit failed, a bounce charge, plus GST; normal interest keeps running on the missed EMI. The loan becomes SMA-0, and the delay is reported to credit bureaus.
How much is the bounce charge on an EMI?
It differs by lender, often around ₹500 plus 18% GST per failed EMI. Check your loan agreement or Key Facts Statement.
When does a loan become an NPA?
When an amount has been overdue for more than 90 days. Before that it moves through SMA-0 (1–30 days), SMA-1 (31–60) and SMA-2 (61–90).
Can the bank charge interest on penal charges?
No. Under RBI's rules from 2024, penal charges are not added to the interest rate and no interest is charged on them.
Is there a late fee if I pay my credit card bill 2 days late?
No. RBI rules let card issuers charge a late fee only when the bill is more than 3 days past due. Interest may still apply if you did not pay in full.
Will one late EMI hurt my credit score?
It can lower it, more so the longer the delay. Paying quickly and keeping later EMIs on time helps the score recover.